Wels Catfish
Silurus glanis
The Wels catfish (Silurus glanis) is one of Europe's largest freshwater fish, reaching exceptional sizes in deep rivers and lakes. It is a nocturnal ambush predator that feeds on fish, crayfish, frogs, and waterfowl, and it is now established outside its native range in some waters.
Identification points
- Broad, flattened head with a very wide mouth
- Long pair of maxillary barbels and two shorter chin barbels
- Smooth, scaleless body with a long anal fin running much of the underside
Habitat
Deep, slow-moving rivers, large lakes, reservoirs, and backwaters with holes, submerged timber, undercut banks, and muddy or silty bottoms; often near channel edges and current seams.
Bait notes
Large live or dead baits such as roach, perch, bream, eel sections, mackerel, and fish heads work well; big worms and crayfish can also take fish. Oversized soft plastics and large swimbaits can be effective where lure fishing is allowed.
Behavior
Mostly nocturnal and crepuscular, lying in cover by day and moving into shallow margins or current breaks at night to ambush prey. Large individuals are opportunistic predators and scavengers that track vibration and scent strongly.
Caution
Handle carefully: the pectoral and dorsal fin spines are sharp, and very large fish are powerful and difficult to control. Check local regulations, as Wels catfish may be invasive or subject to special rules outside its native range.
Fishing notes
Fish heavy tackle, abrasion-resistant leaders, and strong hooks; present baits on the bottom near snags, drop-offs, and hole edges. Night fishing is often best, and drift or boat-positioned presentations can cover broad river channels and lake basins.