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Rock Bass
Ambloplites rupestris
Rock Bass (Ambloplites rupestris) is a small North American sunfish often found around cover in clear to moderately turbid freshwater. It’s a hardy ambush predator that feeds on aquatic insects, crayfish, and minnows, and is a popular panfish for light-tackle anglers.
Rosy Bitterling
Rhodeus ocellatus
The rosy bitterling is a small East Asian cyprinid known for the male’s rosy breeding colors and a dark spot at the base of the dorsal fin. It is closely tied to freshwater mussels for spawning and is best known as an aquarium and conservation species rather than a sport fish.
Rosyface Shiner
Notropis rubellus
Rosyface Shiner (Notropis rubellus) is a small North American minnow found in clear, cool streams and small rivers. Breeding males develop a rosy-red face and fins; outside spawning season it is a subdued silver shiner.
Rosyside Dace
Clinostomus funduloides
Rosyside Dace is a small southeastern U.S. minnow found in clear, cool, rocky streams. Males develop a rosy to red side stripe and bright breeding colors, especially in spring and early summer.
Ruddy Bowfin
Amia calva
Ruddy Bowfin is the uncommon reddish color form of the Bowfin, Amia calva, a primitive air-breathing fish of slow waters in eastern North America. It is not a separate species, but the color variant is prized by some anglers and can be mistaken for the typical olive-brown form.
Ruffe
Gymnocephalus cernua
Ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua) is a small Eurasian percid that has invasive populations in parts of North America. It’s a bottom-oriented, schooling fish that feeds heavily on benthic invertebrates and is usually caught as an accidental bycatch rather than a prized gamefish.
Sacramento Pikeminnow
Ptychocheilus grandis
Sacramento Pikeminnow is a large native cyprinid of the Sacramento–San Joaquin system and nearby Central Valley rivers. It is an opportunistic predator that can reach impressive size and is often overlooked by anglers despite being a strong fighter.
Sharpbelly
Hemiculter leucisculus
Sharpbelly (Hemiculter leucisculus) is a small, slender Asian cyprinid widely introduced outside its native range and often recorded in slow freshwater habitats. It feeds opportunistically near the surface and midwater, and can become abundant in invaded systems.
Sharptooth Catfish
Clarias gariepinus
Sharptooth Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a hardy African air-breathing catfish now widely introduced outside its native range. It inhabits warm, often muddy waters and can survive low oxygen by gulping air.
Shorthead Redhorse
Moxostoma macrolepidotum
Shorthead Redhorse is a large North American sucker that feeds on bottom invertebrates and algae in clear to moderately turbid rivers. It is often abundant where riffles and runs have firm gravel, sand, or cobble bottoms and is usually a bycatch rather than a target game fish.
Shortnose Gar
Lepisosteus platostomus
Shortnose Gar is a long-bodied freshwater predator native to central North America. It favors warm, slow waters and ambushes small fish with its narrow snout and sharp teeth.
Siamese Fighting Fish
Betta splendens
Siamese Fighting Fish (Betta splendens) is a small labyrinth fish native to shallow waters of the lower Mekong basin in Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. It is best known for aggressive territorial behavior and the long-finned males seen in the aquarium trade.