American Eel
Anguilla rostrata
American eel (Anguilla rostrata) is a catadromous eel that spends most of its life in freshwater, brackish water, and coastal estuaries before migrating to the Sargasso Sea to spawn. It is a nocturnal, secretive predator that is often overlooked by anglers but can be very effective on bait.
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Identification points
- Long, snake-like body with no pelvic fins and a continuous low dorsal/caudal/anal fin fringe
- Small pectoral fins just behind a relatively narrow head with a blunt snout
- Olive-brown to yellowish body that darkens with age, often paler on the belly
Habitat
Found in rivers, lakes, tidal creeks, marshes, estuaries, and nearshore coastal waters across its range; juveniles climb obstacles and often shelter in mud, rock crevices, weed beds, undercut banks, and other cover during the day.
Bait notes
Best natural baits include nightcrawlers, cut fish, shrimp, crayfish, and small baitfish; strong-scented baits usually outperform artificials. Small jigs, soft plastics, and streamer flies can work when fished slowly near bottom, but bait is the most reliable approach.
Behavior
Mostly nocturnal and benthic, feeding on worms, insects, crustaceans, fish, and carrion. It is active at night, in low light, and during current or tidal movement, and it can travel overland in damp conditions when moving between waters.
Caution
The species can accumulate contaminants in some waters, so local consumption advisories should be checked before eating. Its skin is very slippery and the body is flexible, making it hard to hold; avoid unnecessary handling and use caution with hooks.
Fishing notes
Fish bottom rigs, slip-sinker setups, or floats that keep bait near cover and current breaks. Night fishing is often best; use slow presentations and be prepared for subtle bites. Handle with care, as they are slippery and can tangle lines and hooks.