Sharptooth Catfish
Clarias gariepinus
Sharptooth Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a hardy African air-breathing catfish now widely introduced outside its native range. It inhabits warm, often muddy waters and can survive low oxygen by gulping air.
Identification points
- Long, eel-like body with no obvious forked tail and a very long anal fin
- Four pairs of barbels around the mouth, including prominent maxillary barbels
- Flattened, broad head with a dark gray to olive-brown back and pale belly
Habitat
Warm freshwater rivers, floodplains, lakes, dams, rice fields, and stagnant or turbid waters with soft mud or sand; often shelters in deeper pools, undercut banks, vegetation, and channels.
Bait notes
Takes worms, cut fish, chicken liver, dead minnows, shrimp, and strong-scented baits. In waters where it is established, stink baits and fish chunks are effective; it is less lure-oriented than many predatory species but will hit soft plastics and spinners at night.
Behavior
Nocturnal and opportunistic, feeding on fish, insects, crustaceans, worms, carrion, and plant matter. It is highly tolerant of poor water quality, moves during wet seasons, and can migrate over land in damp conditions.
Caution
Sharp pectoral and dorsal spines can inflict painful punctures; handle carefully and avoid gill covers. As an introduced species in some areas, possession and transport may be restricted; verify local regulations before keeping or moving fish.
Fishing notes
Fish bottom rigs near muddy edges, holes, inflows, and dense cover, especially after dark or during low-light periods. Use stout tackle and abrasion-resistant line; it has strong runs and a hard, bony mouth. Check local rules because it is regulated or invasive in some regions.