European Eel
Anguilla anguilla
European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) is a catadromous eel that grows in fresh, brackish, and coastal waters across Europe and nearby regions, then migrates to the Sargasso Sea to spawn. It is an elusive, mostly nocturnal predator that has declined sharply and is heavily regulated in many places.
Identification points
- Long, snake-like body with a continuous dorsal, tail, and anal fin
- Small pectoral fins just behind the gill openings
- Small head with a pointed snout and a lower jaw that projects slightly
Habitat
Found in rivers, lakes, canals, estuaries, tidal creeks, and coastal lagoons; juveniles often occupy muddy banks, submerged roots, and other cover, while larger adults may live deep in soft-bottom areas or under rocks and debris.
Bait notes
Best on natural baits such as earthworms, maggots, small fish strips, shrimp, and mussel or squid pieces. Small oily fish baits can work well in brackish water at night.
Behavior
Mostly nocturnal and bottom-oriented, feeding on worms, insect larvae, crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish. Glass eels and elvers migrate upstream; adults may travel long distances and become less active in cold weather.
Caution
Handle carefully: European Eels are very slippery and can thrash hard. Many populations are protected or tightly regulated, so check local rules before keeping one; edible flesh is generally safe when properly cooked, but avoid harvest from polluted waters.
Fishing notes
Fish after dark or in low light with bottom rigs near cover, creek mouths, weirs, and deep bends. Use light to medium tackle, a small hook, and minimal lead; set the hook after a firm pickup because eels often mouth bait slowly.