New Zealand Longfin Eel
Anguilla dieffenbachii
The New Zealand longfin eel is a large, endemic freshwater eel that can live for decades and migrate to the sea to spawn. It is one of the world’s longest-lived freshwater fishes and is closely tied to clean, connected river and lake systems.
Identification points
- Very long dorsal and anal fins that merge seamlessly with the tail
- Usually a plain brown to olive back with a pale yellowish belly
- Adults become much larger and heavier-bodied than shortfin eels, with a blunt eel-like head and small eyes
Habitat
Slow to moderate rivers, streams, backwaters, wetlands, and lake margins across New Zealand; juveniles use lower river reaches and adults occupy deep pools, undercut banks, logs, and weed cover, often moving at night.
Bait notes
Best on natural baits such as earthworms, small fish strips, mussels, shrimp/prawn, and scented cut baits. Small baitfish-style lures or soft plastics can work, but live or cut bait is usually more effective.
Behavior
Nocturnal ambush predator that feeds on aquatic insects, crustaceans, worms, fish, and carrion. Young eels may climb wet obstacles and are strongly tied to cover; mature fish migrate downstream to the sea to spawn.
Caution
Longfin eels are a conservation concern in New Zealand and management rules or local restrictions may apply; check regional regulations before fishing or keeping. Handle carefully because of their strength and slippery, mucus-covered skin.
Fishing notes
Fish at night or low light near deep holes, snaggy cover, and current edges. Use a strong leader and steady pressure; longfins are powerful and slippery, and they often foul around logs and vegetation when hooked.