Atlantic Cod
Gadus morhua
Atlantic cod is a cold-water groundfish of the North Atlantic, historically one of the most important commercial species. It lives near bottom over shelves, banks, and reefs, and forms large schools, especially where prey is abundant.
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Identification points
- Three dorsal fins and two anal fins, typical of cod family fish
- Distinct pale lateral line that curves above the pectoral fin
- Usually olive-brown to gray with mottling and a small chin barbel
Habitat
Cold temperate to subarctic North Atlantic waters, usually demersal on continental shelves, banks, rocky ledges, sand, gravel, and muddy bottoms from shallow coastal waters to several hundred meters deep.
Bait notes
Works well on cut bait, clams, squid strips, herring, mackerel, and sand eels; jigs tipped with bait are effective. Larger cod often take bigger baitfish presentations, while smaller fish respond to softer natural baits.
Behavior
An opportunistic predator that feeds on fish, squid, crustaceans, and worms. Cod often school by size and season, move deeper in warmer periods, and concentrate around structure, currents, and bait schools.
Caution
Check local regulations closely: many cod stocks are heavily managed or restricted. Large cod can contain elevated contaminants in some areas, and bottom-fishing gear can snag on rough structure.
Fishing notes
Fish near bottom with bait rigs, paternosters, or jigs. Slow lifts and drops, short drifts over rough ground, and staying close to bottom are productive; use enough sinker to hold in current.